copper sulfate hydrate lab sources of error

Measure the mass of the empty crucible using the balance. Heat the blue copper(II) sulfate until it has turned . Why don't we use the 7805 for car phone chargers? The number you found for the water replaced the x in the formula CuSO, The actual (true) value is 5, so the formula would be CuSO. Materials: Chemistry Experiment # _____ Percent of Water in Copper II Sulfate Pentahydrate Name_____ Section_____Date_____ Name(s) of Lab Partner(s) . Hydrate Lab. dissolved is another. Le Chateliers principle predicts that an addition of heat to an endothermic reaction (heat is a reactant) will shift the reaction to the right (product side). Explain. X is a specific whole number value. Lab Question: How can lichen indicate the quality of its environment? Is this a true hydrate? What's the cheapest way to buy out a sibling's share of our parents house if I have no cash and want to pay less than the appraised value? When you have completed the experiment, dissolve all your heated residues in water, put all your solids and liquids in the waste crock. The purpose was to see the electron excitation of each reaction and the color that it emitted. . Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.org. 3. Introduction - Hydrated Ionic Compounds, commonly called, "hydrates". (3 points) Copyright 2023. What is wrong with reporter Susan Raff's arm on WFSB news? cup' method. Set up the apparatus as shown (but without water in the receiving tube - this is to be collected during the experiment), placing about 5 g of powdered hydrated copper(II) sulfate in the test tube. For a compound to be a true hydrate, it has to show all properties of true hydrates, including evolution of water upon heating, solubility of its anhydrous residue in water and reversibility in the color of the residue back to the color of the hydrate when dissolved in water. Tina Jones Heent Interview Completed Shadow Health 1, Test Bank Varcarolis Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3e 2017, 1-2 Module One Activity Project topic exploration, (Ybaez, Alcy B.) This compound is not dissolved in water, the water is part of the formula and is a solid. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Copper/Iron Stoichiometry Grace Timler AB1 October 3, 2017 Abstract The techniques used in this lab are quantitative transfer and vacuum filtration with the reaction of 8.001 grams of copper (II) sulfate, CuSO4, and 2.0153 grams of iron powder, Fe. I could perhaps have not heated the hydrate enough, and not driven off all the water but then Id have less than 5, not more, waters per mol. The anhydrous salt could have been exposed to air prior to measurement, and reabsorbed some moisture, thus disrupting measurements. * Hot plate 7H 2 O) is a heptahydrate of magnesium sulfate: within one mole of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate are seven moles of water. The purpose of this bundle is to offer a worksheet to cover every type of naming.Goes Well With My Other Nomenclature Worksheets.NomenclaturePossible Uses- Worksheet- Activity- Homework- Classwork- Test Review- Quiz ReviewFeedbackHave questions or feedback? * Milk Removed crucible from burner, placed on mesh pad, and allowed to return to room temperature. Procedure A. 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MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "Hydrate", "authorname:smu", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbync" ], https://chem.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FAncillary_Materials%2FLaboratory_Experiments%2FWet_Lab_Experiments%2FGeneral_Chemistry_Labs%2FOnline_Chemistry_Lab_Manual%2FChem_11_Experiments%2F05%253A_Properties_of_Hydrates_(Experiment), \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 6: Types of Chemical Reactions (Experiment), Formula of a Hydrate (\(\text{Anhydrous Solid}\ce{*}x\ce{H2O}\)), Part A: Reversibility of hydration (optional, by Instructor), Part B: Hygroscopic and Efflorescent Solids, Part D: Determination of the formula of a hydrate, Pre-laboratory Assignment: Properties of Hydrates, Part A: Reversibility of Hydration (Optional), Identification of hydrates in a group of compounds, Investigation of the properties of hydrates, Determination of the number moles of water of hydration in a hydrate. Heating will shift the equation of dehydration below to the right since it is an endothermic reaction. Chemistry Naming & Formulas: Polyatomic Ions & Hydrates Guided Inquiry Lesson, Composition of a Hydrate Chemical Formula Lab, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas: Acids & Hydrates |Distance Learning, Naming & Writing Chemical Formulas-LESSONS BUNDLE, Drink more water- hydrating, refreshing, natural. I can also customize anything you', Looking for an engaging way for your students to review nomenclature for acids, bases and hydrates? Students dehydrate copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a crucible or evaporation dish and use their data to determine the % composition and the number of water molecules per formula unit of copper (II) sulfate. Assumed water content: 42.6841.98 = 0.7g (!!!). Still working on that - I'm going to leave a sample fresh from the bottle in a warm cupboard overnight tonight, and see if it gets any lighter. -Pre soaked popsicle, Graded Assignment This mass was taken after the substance was heated. Score The composition of the complex formed when hydrated copper (II) sulfate is reacted with oxine is Cu (C 9 H 6 ON) 2 with 351.85g/mole formula weight. The introduction to this lab introduces students to h. Eat, Sleep, Exercise & Hydrate: The Importance of Taking Care of Yourself! Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? This was determined by recording the absorbance values of five solutions of Copper Sulfate and distilled water of different molarities. Great for practice or assessment in your chemistry or physical science classroom. They are very math intensive, and very conceptual in nature. In an evaporating dish, gently heat a small amount (0.3 0.5 g) of \(\ce{CoCl2*6H2O}\) crystals until its color changes to violet then to blue. Next, an excess of aqueous barium chloride is added to the aqueous solution of the unknown salt. Safety: When heating a substance in a test tube, be sure the open end of the test tube points away from yourself. The number you found for the water replaced the x in the formula CuSO4 xH2O. Distilled, Precipitation Reactions Finding the formula of hydrated copper(II) sulfate | Experiment | RSC Education In this experiment students will measure the mass of hydrated copper(II) sulfate before and after heating and use mole calculations to find the formula. Or the hydrate, as supplied, could be a little wet. Wt before: 13.030.9836 = 12.82g hydrate which works out to: Chemical Reaction Lab Report If the null hypothesis is never really true, is there a point to using a statistical test without a priori power analysis? Because the pipette was not exact, the amount of Copper Sulfate and distilled water that was put in the test tubes was not exact. Water, the most common chemical on earth, can be found in the atmosphere as water vapor. Hypothesis: If dyed lichen is exposed to certain chemicals, than color will color the solution. The error you find falls within the worst-case expected error due to impurity and potentially adhered water. Through the use of a vacuum filtration system the mass of Cu was, Flame Test Lab Report He weighs a clean and dry crucible with its cover and records a mass of 18.456 g. He then weighs the sample in the crucible and cover and obtains a mass of 19.566 g. He heats the sample, allows it to cool to room temperature and reweighs it to obtain a mass of 19.062 g. In the process, the samples color changed from red- burgundy to blue. Ignited Bunsen Burner, and heated crucible for 12 minutes. Academic Chemistry - Three paragraph conclusion. The electronic scales (quite cheap) were an obvious first candidate for a source of error. Then I re-weighed. For sulphate salts, all are soluble except Lead Solutions were made up of two parts, the solute and the solvent. The water present in the latter case is called water of hydration or water of crystallization. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Given that the mass of the hydrated salt is known, it is also given that the mass lost is equivalent to the mass of the water. Heat for 5 minutes using a single-cone blue flame. (Full Name) By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. * Water O. Another possibility would be to get more accurate equipment, to replicate the experiment within a dehumidified environment, and/or perform the experiment using a larger crucible (to reduce the possibility that spatter from the hydrated salt could leave the crucible). 1 A student is given a cobalt (II) chloride hydrate. Once dissolved, fill the rest of the volumetric . NomenclaturePossible Uses- Worksheet- Activity- Homework- Classwork- Test Review- Quiz ReviewFeedbackHave questions or feedback? Note the color of the dissolved residue. But when copper sulfate is heated (as in a fire), these weak bonds are broken and the water evaporates. So the practical involved taking hydrated copper sulphate, heating it to drive off the water, weighing before and after, and thus calculating the number of water molecules of crystallisation, based on the respective molecular weights of the anhydrous salt and water. Copper/Iron Stoichiometry How did it compare to the actual (it is given to you in step 3 of the calculations)? Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Record the mass of the crucible, cover and sample. To participate in this lab it is, that there was no release of acidic vapors during the separating of the water and compound bonds. xH2O(s)) Before heating Run 1 Run 2 Mass of crucible 27.29 g 27.51 g Mass of crucible + hydrate 28.56 g 30.00 g Mass of hydratea 1.27 The salt is magnesium sulfate - MgSO 4 and, the same as Copper sulfate, it exists as a hydrate, but in this case we will find the amount of water surrounding the compound. Chemical Changes VS Physical Changes This is written CuSO4 . Period 3 Instead you are to complete the three problems below in your lab book using what you learned from the lab. The following steps are followed: Approximately 3g hydrated copper sulfate is weighed to the closest milligram. A minor scale definition: am I missing something? Im teaching chemistry to a home-ed 15 year old. > A C @ 6 bjbjWW 9n 5 5 r. This is appropriate for all levels of chemistry. This page titled 5: Properties of Hydrates (Experiment) is shared under a CC BY-NC license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Santa Monica College. Use the information collected in lab found below to fill in the blanks for the gram amounts above: Use this picture to get the mass of the empty crucible and fill it in above. Which observations, experiences, or lesson materials helped you form your hypothesis? The hydrate being, Nomenclature for Acids and Hydrates: Naming & Writing Formulas (Nomenclature) for Acids & Hydrates.In this lesson students are introduced to naming and writing formulas for acids and hydrates. In this experiment, the percentage by mass of sulfate in an unknown sulfate salt will be determined by gravimetric analysis. * Alka-Seltzer tablet Follow the directions below to complete the lab. * Iodine Record the values as initial masses of containers and samples. where $W_0$ is the start weight, $W_e$ the end weight and $M_i$ is the respective molecular mass. Materials: Tests tubes (small or medium size), watch glasses, crucible* and cover*, crucible tongs, clay triangle. How to force Unity Editor/TestRunner to run at full speed when in background? They are typically named by stating the name of the anhydrous component followed by the Greek prefix specifying the number of moles of water present then the word hydrate (example: \(\ce{MgSO4*7H2O}\): magnesium sulfate heptahydrate). The goal of this experiment was to determine the product of copper (II) sulfate with iron. Students dehydrate copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in a crucible or evaporation dish and use their data to determine the % composition and the number of water molecules per formula unit of copper (II) sulfate. Save the residue and perform your calculations. Skip to main content Skip to navigation Mast navigation Register Sign In Search our site All All Resources Articles Also as I was calculating the empirical formula, I wasn't quite sure the figures were correct so I might have miscalculated. Sulphate, Calcium Sulphate, Barium Sulphate and also Silver Honors Chemistry - You do not need to write three paragraphs for this conclusion. This means that the formula for hydrated copper sulfate is: The goal of this experiment is to determine the percentage of water (by mass) in a hydrate, and to calculate the ratio of salt to water in a hydrated salt. This mass was taken before the substance was heated. $$\Delta X=\frac{\sqrt{(\Delta W_0)^2 W_e^2+(\Delta W_e)^2 W_0^2}}{W_e^2}\left(\frac{M_{CuSO_4}}{M_{H_2O}}\right) \tag{3}$$. This is a student-centered, active learning lesson without lecture or notetaking! First, a pre-weighed sample of the unknown sulfate salt will be dissolved in water. Weigh out approximately 3 grams of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate into a clean, dry large ignition tube (25 x 200 mm). These compounds are not considered true hydrates as the hydration process is not reversible. I havent investigated that yet, but I plan to weigh a sample before and after leaving in a warm airing cupboard overnight. 2. A hot crucible looks like a cold one, avoid direct contact with the crucible, clay triangle and ring stand until you are sure they are cooled. clip art, assessment, writing prompt, art activity, answer key, printables, no prep needed. For Part 2: Single-Displacement Reactions: For each of the four single-displacement reactions, describe what happened in each well. the main. Write out the balanced chemical equation for the dehydration of copper sulfate hydrate (CuSO4.5H2O). First, it is so easy to set upnot much prep at all. Let's face it, percent composition and empirical formulas are not the most exciting concepts to teach in chemistry. In other words, the chemical equation BaCl2 + 2H2O (s) BaCl2 + 2H2O (g), labeled as 5.3 in the original lab report, is best used to describe the transition which took place during this portion of the lab. Lab reports are due week of September 29 October 3, 2014. Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. Note: This is an editable animated PowerPoint. * At that time, the copper sulfate had turned a yellowish-white. Minutes in set up time. You will find that most students will obtain the expected results pretty much dead on, and the students love the very low percent erro, Students get to discover the formula of a hydrate with real world experimental techniques in this lab! ; (NH4)2S. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. : an American History (Eric Foner), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), The definition of a hydrate is a chemical that contai, ), hydrated ferrous sulfate, hydrated cobalt sulfate, sucrose, epson salt, 4 test tubes, test, Seidel's Guide to Physical examination (043), Educational Psychology and Development of Children Adolescents (D094), Language Arts Instruction and Intervention (C365), Health Assessment Of Individuals Across The Lifespan (NUR 3065L), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), A&p exam 3 - Study guide for exam 3, Dr. Cummings, Fall 2016, BMGT 364 Planning the SWOT Analysis of Silver Airways, Lesson 13 Paleoseismology Case Studies; Induced Seismicity, Skill Blood Admin - Active Learning Template, Philippine Politics and Governance W1 _ Grade 11/12 Modules SY. You should then decide if the compound is hygroscopic, efflorescent or neither using the change in the mass of the substance. Test tubes * Cornstarch Hence 0.267/0.0515 = 5.18mol water per mol copper sulphate. You did what I thought of doing but didn't get around to do. For example, because for Trial 1 there was not exactly 2 mL of Copper Sulfate and 8 mL of distilled water, the concentration of the solution definitely could not be 0.080M. Introduction: Chemicals: Copper (II) sulfate hydrateStudents will experimentally determine the percent composition of water in the copper (II) sulfate hydrate. If the compound possesses all three of the above-mentioned properties, it is a true hydrate; if at least one of them is not present, the compound is not. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. No trace of black, and indeed we dissolved the anhydrous salt in water (for growing some seed crystals later), and there was no insoluble residue. Download Free PDF View PDF Also this lab was used as an opportunity to improve the ability to write lab reports and make data tables, and to provide experience with unfamiliar lab equipment. Is it safe to publish research papers in cooperation with Russian academics? Cool (approximately 10 minutes) and get the mass of the anhydrate (white compound). Use this picture to get the mass of the anhydrate (white powder). Moles of water per mole of \(\ce{CoCl2}\): What color would you expect to see when this student dissolves the blue residue in water at the end of the experiment? Has the Melford Hall manuscript poem "Whoso terms love a fire" been attributed to any poetDonne, Roe, or other? If a CHEM The water is present in a definite and consistent ratio. It contains a brief introduction to hydrates and then describes the series of calculations that are done to determine the ratio of the moles of water to anhydrate salt. Use this picture to get the mass of the hydrate (blue powder). Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. At that time, the copper sulfate had turned a yellowish-white. Purpose and a brief description of what you did. - CLICK HERE **--------------------------------------------If you like what you see, check out the rest of my store and be sure, This hydrate lab activity is perfect for chemistry teachers without a lab room! . Happy teaching and have an, Students find the Empirical Formula of Epsom Salt. Where's my experimental error coming from? Interpreting non-statistically significant results: Do we have "no evidence" or "insufficient evidence" to reject the null? October 3, 2017 The reaction of Copper (II) Sulfate, CuSO4, mass of 7.0015g with 2.0095g Fe or iron powder produced a solid precipitate of copper while the solution remained the blue color. What does that x value tell you? Concentrations are based on how much solute is in a solvent, and is reported by the units of molarity. Abstract: Pending marking your answer as accepted, my grateful thanks in the meantime for your detailed analysis. Calculate the change in mass for each sample. Removed crucible from burner, placed on mesh pad, and allowed to return to room temperature. Rinse the crucible and its cover with distilled water. So now the final thing left to do is estimate how big $\Delta W_0$ and $\Delta W_e$ are. Label and place all samples at the same location in the room, well out of the way so they wont be spilled. How do you feel in the morning when you wake up? Let the residue cool down (put the test tube in a beaker not on a plastic test tube rack) then try to dissolve in about 3 mL of water (about 1/3 of the small test tube), warming gently if necessary to dissolve the residue (dissolve only substances that have shown condensation). Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. Because this kind of reaction is usually not spontaneous. The results for the heating, Title: Title of lab/experiment. Place the crucible on the triangle and ring stand over the bunsen burner and heat until it turns white. The reason why this is a source of error is because as time passed between the measurements, the copper sulfate hydrate sample absorbed humidity (water) from the atmosphere and therefore increased its mass. Hydrates Lab Report introduction the purpose of this experiment was to explore and evaluate the bonding properties and characteristics of hydrates. Step 1: Find the moles of the Copper Sulfate anhydrate (white powder). So thats 4.81/18 = 0.267mol water, and Percent error **hint set up the table with percent composition for water** Percent error = actual % experimental % X 100 = ____ % actual %. Purpose: To observe the difference between chemical and physical changes. In this lab, the student will determine the percentage of water in the hydrate by comparing the mass of the hydrate to the mass of the anhydrous salt. In this activity, I will construct an electroplating apparatus and observe the process of electroplating. In this section you will try to determine through the testing of a series of compounds, which ones are true hydrates. Calculate your % error: "absolute value of . 8.22/(63.5+32+64) = 0.0515mol anhydrous copper sulphate. On an analytical balance, weigh a pea-sized sample of each of the compounds below on separate clean and dry watch glasses. This resource will come to you as a Google Doc. Data can be collected and most of it analyzed in a single 45-50 class period. Rounded to the nearest integer, the ratio is 1:5. Rounding out with new case study examples, this new edition gives engineers an im, This PowerPoint is intended to introduce high school students formulas of hydrates. 5 H2O. Copper Sulfate's Water of Hydration Lab: Enrichment Activity. Hydrates generally contain water in stoichiometric amounts; hydrates formulae are represented using the formula of the anhydrous (non-water) component of the complex followed by a dot then the water (\(\ce{H2O}\)) preceded by a number corresponding to the ratio of \(\ce{H2O}\) moles per mole of the anhydrous component present. present. Some hygroscopic substances, such as \(\ce{P2O5}\) and anhydrous \(\ce{CaCl2}\), are widely used to dry liquids and gases (see experiment on the Molecular Weight of \(\ce{CO2}\)); they are referred to as desiccants. Thanks for contributing an answer to Chemistry Stack Exchange! After heating, the mass of the anhydrous compound is found to be 3.22 g. Determine the formula of the hydrate and then write out the name of the hydrate. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Error results and analysi, The first procedure (Part 1) used heat to dehydrate the 4 hydrates and sucrose. Have you ever wondered why you get a lot of headaches, your muscle doesnt function as well and your immune system is low?

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