myanmar religion percentage

0000026659 00000 n As much as 90% of the Burmese population practice Buddhism, making it the mainreligion in Myanmar. MEI welcomes financial donations, but retains sole editorial control over its work and its publications reflect only the authors views. Inflation Rate in Myanmar is expected to be 1200 percent by the end of this. Thus, the most populous regions are the Irrawaddy delta and the dry zone, and the highest densities are found in the upper delta, between Yangon and Hinthada (Henzada). 0 Web52 (34.9%) Progress Level Total Population 54,101,000 Population in Unreached 45,121,000 (83.4%) Largest Religion Buddhism ( 78.0% ) % Christian Adherent 8.16% % Evangelical 4.86% Evangelical Annual Growth Rate 2.5% (Global Rate = 2.6%) + Leaflet | Powered by Esri | USGS, NOAA People Groups States Progress Religions Languages Photos However, while new census results are to be released in 2014, estimates indicate that roughly 89 percent of Myanmars population is Buddhist, and only 4 percent is Muslim. Between 1951 and 1961, the Muslim population expanded by 32.7%, 11 percentage points more than Indias overall rate of 21.6%. [15], As a consequence of this fear, discriminatory policies toward the Rohingya have been imposed. WebMyanmar is the most religious Buddhist country with regard to the percentage of the population living as monks and the amount of money spent on religion. WebHinduism in Myanmar. Populations are scaled to the current year. [23], Political reforms in Myanmar have also led to looser military control and, in some cases, a complete breakdown of law and order. [13] Zarni Mann, Islamic Extremists Want My Downfall, Thats Why They Put Me On The Cover, The Irrawaddy (June 24, 2013). Myanmar's relatively slow population growth is predicted to continue on its current trajectory. . In the 19th century, many tribes who had been treated as inferior due to their animistic beliefs, such as the Chins, converted to Christianity. To date, Buddhist mobs have killed more than 200 Muslims, the majority of whom are Rohingya, and caused the displacement of more than 140,000.[9]. Other data may have varying ages. Illegal groups are not recognized as citizens in the country, and they have been relentlessly persecuted. Today, Myanmar is the center of one of the largest refugee crises in the world. How does gender play a role in the conflict in Myanmar. This page provides - Myanmar Inflation Rate - actual values, Subscribe and receive our travel ideas and tips twice a month, Shanti Travel14 rue de Tolbiac75013 Paris. In this predominantly Buddhist country, Muslims are often discriminated against by the powerful nationalist movement that strives to protect Buddhist identity, thus creating a struggle for minority groups. RELIGION AND PUBLIC LIFE, Harvard Divinity School14 DivinityAvenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138. my.hds |Harvard Divinity School |Harvard University |Privacy | Accessibility | Digital Accessibility | Trademark Notice | Reporting Copyright InfringementCopyright 2023 President and Fellows of Harvard College. %%EOF 0000029681 00000 n However, the role of Buddhism in this conflict is clearly no less complex. It was then that he undertook a quest to understand the origin of suffering with the aim of eradicating it. H\0~ Inflation Rate in Myanmar averaged 12.95 percent from 1998 until 2022, reaching an all time high of 54.02 percent in December of 2002 and a record low of -1.09 percent in December of 2011. 68 0 obj <>stream Share of children in total population in Myanmar from 2013 to 2022. While Rohingya leaders claim to be the descendants of the precolonial Muslim community of Rakhine State, the term Rohingya only appeared in 1799 in an article on the comparative vocabulary in the Burma Empire to describe the indigenous people of Rakhine State.[1]. WebThis census covered 96.6 percent of total population. Sign up to receive the latest publications, event invitations, and our weekly newsletter delivered to your inbox. WebPew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Mapping the Global Muslim Population www.pewforum.org 39 Estimated Percentage Range of Shia by Country Afghanistan 10 For a description of the Commissions composition, mandate, and methodology, see Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (July 8, 2013), i-ii, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf . In Muslim majority contexts like Mali, Burkina Faso, and northern Nigeria ethnicity plays a stronger role and implications for [10] The 969 movement has gained many followers by labeling itself as a protector of Buddhism from aliens or non-native persons. Furthermore, the governments tacit approval of policies that discriminate against the Rohingya, coupled with the role of social media in propagating hate speech, have fostered an enabling environment that has prolonged the sectarian violence. Myanmars population is growing at a rate of about 0.67% per year. About 87% of the population in Myanmar identify as Theravada Buddhists. Burmah, as it was spelled in the 19th Century, is a local corruption of the word Myanmar", according to the same report above. The Burma Citizenship Law was enacted in 1982. [12] David Steinberg, Laws Enforce Discrimination in Myanmar, Asia Times Online (March 18, 2014), http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/SEA-01-180314.html. The country is very ethnically diverse with 135 ethnic groups recognized by the government. Manfred Hutter, Hindus in Southeast and East Asia, Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Eds. As much as 90 of the Burmese population practice Buddhism making it the main religion in MyanmarBuddhism in Burma is attached to the Theravada branch. [3] Jacques P. Leider, Rohingya, Rakhaing and the Recent Outbreak of ViolenceA Note, Bulletin of the Burma Studies Group, 16 (2012), 8, http://www.networkmyanmar.org/images/stories/PDF15/Leider-Note.pdf. A city like Yangon can be proud of sheltering within it many religions and their monuments (mosques, cathedrals, pagodas, Sikh temples, Hindu temples and even a Synagogue!). 1. Most Bamar, Shan, Mon, Rakhine, Karen, and many ethnic groups of Myanmar follow In 1983, the fertility rate was 5 births per woman. 0 0000004282 00000 n 0000002503 00000 n Be respectful of the different cultures and keep an open mind as you explore this beautiful country! Settlement in the Sittang delta, the Sometimes known as Burma, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar - which is often shortened to Myanmar, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia. Myanmar religion percentage 2023. [2] Fear of New Religious Strife, The Economist (July 27, 2013), http://www.economist.com/news/asia/21582321-fuelled-dangerous-brew-fait. 0000009258 00000 n WebInflation Rate in Myanmar increased to 19.55 percent in July from 19.42 percent in June of 2022. w+|R6r5pRCyzh+xm6f{.xmpf2YZ|_pT~9dbb?f4 0vev4l,{w}?_3~`9'L;v:5mpZGjneS?J5TjyNCJ;]%S9tA]@%Pv/_zjJ Data have been collected Myanmar is the most religious Buddhist country with regard to the percentage of the population living as monks and the amount of money spent on religion. The vast majority of people, 89%, profess Buddhism. The most popular form of Buddhism in Myanmar is Theravada Buddhism, mixed with superstitions such as astrology, fortune-telling, and worship Today, these people live in refugee camps in their own country. 2023 by selected countries in. 0000012575 00000 n It is common to hear people say that certain religions are religions of violence or religions of peace. What might you say to someone who made such a claim? trailer Ongoing repression of Rohingya is driven by Burman Buddhist fear of Islamic encroachment into Myanmar, as well as an ongoing belief that the Rohingya could potentially threaten Burmese sovereignty by further segregating Rakhine State. Each Buddhist aspires to achieve this experience of enlightenment. Interestingly enough, "The two words mean the same thing and one is derived from the other. Stores are marked with the 969 symbol to verify the owner is Buddhist. In other words, they believe that they have only done wrong if the result of their action is what they explicitly intended. Human Rights Watch found that rather than protecting civilians at risk, Burmese police either stood by or actively engaged in and contributed to the unfolding violence. Now, the last partial census was conducted in 1983, and until 2014, the last officially recorded nationwide census hadn't occurred since 1931. There are two salient narratives driving anti-Rohingya/anti-Muslim sentiments. 0000012125 00000 n WebOfficially, 4% of the inhabitants of Myanmar are Muslim. The tacit approval by the government of discriminatory policies toward Rohingyaand the widespread impunity for most perpetrators of violence, including the authoritiesremain a key concern in Myanmars transformation from a military dictatorship into a democracy. The founder of Buddhism is the Buddha,Siddharta Gautamawho lived in the 5th century BC. Joshua Project makes every effort to ensure that the subject in an image is in fact from the specific people group. While peace building is possible, many challenges remain. Myanmar is predominantly a Buddhist country, with around 90% of the population following Theravada Buddhism. Ethnic minoritiessuch as the Chin, Kachin, Karin, and The Inquiry Commission into sectarian violence in Rakhine State released in 2013 found that Rohingya living in rural areas could not speak any indigenous languages of Myanmar well . Web The vast majority of the citizens of Myanmar a nation in southeast Asia are Theravada Buddhists. The quality of life can be examined in numerous manners, including exploring healthcare, access to improved sanitation and drinking water, as well as the World Happiness Report. hYrF}W[*^%S,VFU5SSN`$ 3snwHE5v^'o7GgX2#4a~' Religion in Myanmar is spread across Buddhist with 87.9%, Christian 6.2%, Muslim 4.3%, Animist 0.8%, Hindu 0.5%, other 0.2%, and none at 0.1% of the population. {@g}~f=(zPA =x''''''''s;[>Ly[(-w9C8=>O4N6m As I have noted in another article, whereas during the period of the military junta ethnic tensions and separatism were held at bay by . 0000001481 00000 n WebReligion in Myanmar The overwhelming majority of Myanmars population practices Theravada Buddhismaround 88 percent. Ashin Wirathu argues that Muslim extremists are plotting to transform Myanmar into an Islamic country. The violence has been coordinated and serious, and the UN Human Rights Office has stated that Myanmar is likely guilty of crimes against humanity or even ethnic cleansing.. Please note: Only the first 100000 records may be downloaded using this facility. Copyright 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Religion and Society Graduate Certificate (Harvard Extension School). During the riots in Meiktila in March 2013, Burmese police did little, if anything, to contain the situation. Nearly 88% of Myanmars population identify themselves as Buddhist, with other religious denominations, such as Christians, Muslims, and Hindus, making up the Althoughreligion in Myanmarcan be tense at times due to the friction between the different religious groups, in reality, it is a very peaceful country. Due to decades of heavy censorship, Myanmar continues to have a hyperactive rumor mill in which information from fellow community membersbe it online of face-to-faceis given preferential treatment to news originating from official media outlets. Middle East Institute Thousands of monks have participated in anti-Muslim demonstrations, increasing interreligious tensions in the region. 0000038918 00000 n 0000010980 00000 n WebIn Christian-majority contexts like CAR, southern Nigeria, and coastal West Africa, religion plays a stronger role. In 2018, the labor force in Myanmar amounted to approximately 22.74 million people. Homicide rate; Number of homicides; Number of homicides by firearm; Homicides by firearm rate; Assault rate; Kidnapping rate; Robbery rate; Rape rate; Burglary rate; Private car theft rate; See more; Poverty. Today, a segment of Burman Buddhist monks represented by Ashin Wirathu is re-igniting sentiments of intolerance and flaming lingering resentment toward Rohingya, preaching hateful rhetoric and sowing fear in the local Buddhist population in an attempt to change the ethnic demographics of Rakhine State. Web Burmas population consists of Buddhists 879 percent Christians 62 percent Muslims 43 percent Animists 08 percent and Hindus 05 percent. Some monasteries have organized humanitarian aid for Muslims who have been displaced by the violence. They can also inspire nearly unfathomable acts of love and peacebuilding. We recommend against using %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical to calculate absolute numbers. 0000007386 00000 n Indeed, the Inquiry Commission found that the authorities have been inconsistent in applying and following the rule of law.[27]. 221/2013 (December 3, 2013), http://www.rsis.edu.sg/publications/Perspective/RSIS2212013.pdf. Points represent the approximate center of a larger area. Blanks mean an unknown value. Church planting agencies in Myanmar (Burma), Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. 0000001156 00000 n 0000003605 00000 n Burmese Hindus are a mix of Bengalis, Tamils, Telegus, and Uttar Pradeshis who arrived in Burma under British colonialism. This article provides an analysis of the recent sectarian violence involving the minority Rohingya Muslim group in Myanmar (Burma) since June 2012. In this video, we will explore the various aspects of Myanmar's religion, including its history, beliefs, practices, and the role of religion in Burmese society.We will take a closer look at the different religious practices that exist in Myanmar, including Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism. 0000026145 00000 n After Christianity, the third-largestreligion in Myanmaris Islam. The birth rate in Myanmar, which has been declining as well, is 17.339 births per woman. From 1948 to 1961, the Rohingya Mujahideen fought to create a separate Islamic State. Points are best estimates, but should not be taken as exact. 0000034655 00000 n Due to historical ties between Hinduism and Buddhism, Hindus have faced far less discrimination than Muslim Indians such as the Rohingya. Interview with Aung San Suu Kyithe State Counselor of Burma, Nobel Peace Prize Winner, and a Theravada Buddhistwhere she responds to accusations of ethnic cleansing against Muslims in Myanmar: http://bit.ly/2sfZyDo. Many of the ethnic minorities in Myanmar are Christian, such as the Chin, the Kachins, the Karen and the Naga. Prolonged periods of repression were accompanied by cycles of Rohingya migration from Rakhine State to bordering Bangladesh. Are religious doctrinal differences primarily responsible for stoking intercommunal fear and hatred? 0000006478 00000 n [nor] could [they] write or read the official Bamar language used in government communications.[19] Indeed, the majority of Rohingya speak a dialect similar to Bengali, and many can read and write in Urdu. Burmese Hindus are a mix of Bengalis, Tamils, Telegus, and Uttar Pradeshis who arrived in Burma under British colonialism. This led to the expulsion of close to 300,000 Burmese Indians. Officially, 4% of the inhabitants of Myanmar are Muslim. Nearly 90 of the country is Buddhist and most are members of the majority. The United Nations Statistics Division collects, compiles and disseminates official demographic and social statistics on a wide range of topics. It does not engage in advocacy and its scholars opinions are their own. In Myanmar, each village has a pagoda and a monastery for worship and religious ceremonies. It contains 4,477,638 residents. It is a doctrine, a philosophy based on the teaching of the Buddha contained in the Four Noble Truths: 1) The truth of suffering; 2) the cause of suffering; 3) the cessation of suffering and; 4) the path that leads to the cessation of suffering. WebBasic facts. This has resulted in significant transformations in areas such as censorship, whereby efforts by Buddhist monks to propagate anti-Muslim narratives are now facilitated by Myanmars reforms. 19, Issue 10 (2013), 1. 26 0 obj <> endobj Denise Cush, Catherine Robinson and Michael York (New York: Routledge, 2008), pp. Web Last Friday Good Friday Myanmars military court sentenced the former leader of the Kachin Baptist Convention to six years in prison. These Buddhist monastics, and supportive lay people, have also organized to advocate for economic and legal oppression of Muslims. As India is a close neighbor, Hinduism has had a regional influence for centuries and Hindu gods are sometimes included among the nats, or spirits, worshiped by some Burmese Buddhists. Muslims (mostly Sunni) comprise WebConsidered as the main religion, Buddhism (mostly Theravada Buddhism) makes up more. The fertility rate in Myanmar is 2.13 births per woman, which is high enough for population replacement (2.1 births per woman); however, it has been declining over the past several years, contributing to the slowing population growth rate. Changing the pivot column will reset the column selection and sort order. 102 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4FE0EAC9B217F046911730C569C99152>]/Index[91 27]/Info 90 0 R/Length 69/Prev 102133/Root 92 0 R/Size 118/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream %PDF-1.6 % Literacy is only at 75.6% of the population over the age of 15 years. [7] Burma Citizenship Law, 15 October 1982, The United Nations Refugee Agency, http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?docid=3ae6b4f71b. In this predominantly Buddhist country, Muslims are often discriminated against by the powerful nationalist movement that strives to protect Buddhist identity, thus creating a struggle for minority groups. Ethnic minorities in the country prefer to be called ethnic nationalities to fight against the proliferation of the dominant Bamar people. Some are the perpetrators of violence, some are working to end violence and promote peace, many more are bystanders, who may build up cultural violence, cultural peace, or even both. %%EOF While the majority of Myanmars Muslim population reside in Rakhine State, in the rest of the country many Muslims are present and are accepted into their communities. Rising Burman-Buddhist ethno-nationalism, represented by Buddhist monks, has played a key role in the recent waves of inter-religious violence. The analysis draws on the Centers wider body of research on global restrictions related to religion. Religion in Myanmar. The overwhelming majority of Myanmars population practices Theravada Buddhismaround 88 percent. Christians make up just 6 percent of the population, 4 percent of the population is Muslim, 0.8 percent is animist, and 0.05 percent practice Hinduism. And what could be done to avert sectarian violence, to foster tolerance and peaceful coexistence, and to promote reconciliation? Detailed maps are often found on specific people profiles. Web Estimated Population of Myanmar in 2023. Islam (4%), Hinduism (1%), Christianity (7%) and animism (1%) are also practiced in the If you have information about these groups, please contact us. The narrative of demographic besiegement is also fuelled by the fact that many Rohingya fail to assimilate to Burmese local customs and way of life. All rights reserved. GQ}^. Myanmar has a population of approximately 55.4 million in 2023. WebQuintana visited Myanmar in March 2010 and called for the establishment of a U.N. Commission of Inquiry to investigate Myanmars violations of international humanitarian and human rights law and to recommend appropriate redress.32 Quintana reiterated this appeal a year later in March 2011 and then again that summer, but to no avail.33 During the Inquiry Commission,[20] some Rakhine Buddhists stated that they feared Rohingya could revive the same violent agenda as previous Mujahid rebels in Rakhine State.[21]. Buddhism does not have a creator god like other religions and it does not contain theories either. The median age in Myanmar/Burma is 28.2 years of age, with a total life expectancy of approximately 68.2 years. The population growth rate is slowly decreasing, resulting in population growth to cease around 2054 and the population to start shrinking thereafter. This is especially the case for the Muslim Rohingya ethnic group who have been living for generations on the northwestern facade of Myanmar in Rakhine State. Buddhist sermons regularly include Islamophobic messages such as unsubstantiated rumors of Muslim violence against Buddhists or Muslim plots to take over the country and destroy Buddhism. We welcome. Regardless, there is no doubt that much of the Buddhist religious leadership of Myanmar has promoted violence against Muslims in the region. xb```f``9 @16)LV20U`&x(<>UY&Qs6.Aau^kC: CB,E(32`[kP9#Lv 384:0ac,f8` .lez "l]2gr0i-Zp, Identify an example of structural violence in the case study. - Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. [9] Jane Perlez, Rise in Bigotry Fuels Massacre Inside Myanmar, New York Times (March 2, 2014), http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/02/world/asia/rise-in-bigotry-fuels-mass. WebNearly 90% of the country is Buddhist, and most are members of the majority ethnic community known as Burmans. Web 5 hours agoPeople walk outside of a church in the Kachin state of Myanmar where 95 percent of residents are Christian. [18] Policies of Persecution Ending Abusive State Policies Against Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar, Fortify Rights (25 February 2014), http://www.fortifyrights.org/downloads/Policies_of_Persecution_Feb_25_F. endstream endobj 92 0 obj <> endobj 93 0 obj <> endobj 94 0 obj <>stream [25] Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Final Report of Inquiry Commission on Sectarian Violence in Rakhine State (8 July 2013), 47, http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs15/Rakhine_Commission_Report-en-red.pdf. [2] After the first of three Anglo-Burmese wars ended in 1826, Rakhine State was brought under British colonial administration, which had an open immigration policy that allowed an influx of Bengali Muslims into the newly colonized territory. Web Chart and table of Myanmar population from 1950 to 2023. They can inspire horrific violence. We will also examine the unique blend of animism and spirit worship that is deeply rooted in Burmese culture. 0000004936 00000 n [7] The law did not recognize the Rohingya as an ethnic group of Myanmar, stating that any ethnic group that settled in Myanmar after 1823 (the beginning of the First Anglo-Burmese War) was not entitled to citizenship. One monk, U Withuta, housed over 800 Muslims in his monastery during anti-Muslim riots, telling the mob that approached that they would have to kill him to reach those he protected inside. For more information see the Joshua Project Small Group Policy. H#6^l? 9?(5S&G qa{uCiV;T(!DU4\d,mq9Hq!i Z+s)[/tnd\g:k[qPr HkxjQ!Orw],V +J1+WY#4OtF&:. Throughout the 20th century, British colonial policy regularly pitted these groups against each other, creating a violent legacy that continues to this day. But this gap has narrowed. The historical origins of Rohingya Muslims in Northern Rakhine State are as tangled and complex as the history of Myanmar itself. Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. This act essentially legitimized discrimination against the Rohingya, which continues today. In rare instances a representative photo may be used. [14] However, while new census results are to be released in 2014, estimates indicate that roughly 89 percent of Myanmars population is Buddhist, and only 4 percent is Muslim.

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